TOPK (T–lymphokine-activated killer cell–originated protein kinase) is highly and frequently transactivated in various cancer tissues, including lung and triple-negative breast cancers, and plays an indispensable role in the mitosis of cancer cells.
We report the development of a potent TOPK inhibitor, OTS964 {(R)-9-(4-(1-(dimethylamino)propan-2-yl)phenyl)-8-hydroxy-6-methylthieno[2,3-c]quinolin-4(5H)-one}, which inhibits TOPK kinase activity with high affinity and selectivity. Similar to the knockdown effect of TOPK small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), this inhibitor causes a cytokinesis defect and the subsequent apoptosis of cancer cells in vitro as well as in xenograft models of human lung cancer.
Although administration of the free compound induced hematopoietic adverse reactions (leukocytopenia associated with thrombocytosis), the drug delivered in a liposomal formulation effectively caused complete regression of transplanted tumors without showing any adverse reactions in mice. Our results suggest that the inhibition of TOPK activity may be a viable therapeutic option for the treatment of various human cancers.
Citation: Y. Matsuo, J.-H. Park, T. Miyamoto, S. Yamamoto, S. Hisada, H. Alachkar, Y. Nakamura, TOPK inhibitor induces complete tumor regression in xenograft models of human cancer through inhibition of cytokinesis. Sci. Transl. Med. 6, 259ra145 (2014).
1 Takasaki
University Health & Welfare, 2Dousisya University, 3Tokushima
University, 4Gunma University,
5 DNP Fine Chemicals Utsunomiya, Ltd.,
In order to gain knowledge about pleiotropic effect of
Statins, we are now interested in the tau aggregation inhibition and ROCK
signal modulation by such heterocyclic statin as Pitavastatin (PTA),
Rosvastatin and related hererocyclic structures.
According to the previous report on the improvement of
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) by PTA [1], we are carefully investigated on the tau-aggregation
inhibitory effect of PTA and other quinolones. In our in vitro assays, however,
any distinctive activity was found towards tau segment aggregation, while
PTA-lactone showed marginal inhibition activity.
These initial results showed us that solubility problem
was an important factor, and also, signal modulation assays with other ROCK
system is essential. Thus, the in vitro tumor growth inhibitory assays are
conducted, and the ROCK signal modulation of PTA and PTA-BGL was observed in
our preliminary experiments. Further insights into the pleiotropic Statins by
MO calculation are addressed in the presentation.
Previous publications from our laboratory have introduced novel inhibitors of Polo-like kinase 4 (PLK4), a mitotic kinase identified as a potential target for cancer therapy. The search for potent and selective PLK4 inhibitors yielded (E)-3-((1H-indazol-6-yl)methylene)indolin-2-ones, which were superseded by the bioisosteric 2-(1H-indazol-6-yl)spiro[cyclopropane-1,3′-indolin]-2′-ones, e.g., 3. The later scaffold confers improved drug-like properties and incorporates two stereogenic centers. This work reports the discovery of a novel one-pot double SN2 displacement reaction for the stereoselective installation of the desired asymmetric centers and confirms the stereochemistry of the most potent stereoisomer, e.g., 44. Subsequent work keys on the optimization of the oral exposure of nanomolar PLK4 inhibitors with potent cancer cell growth inhibitory activity. A short list of compounds with superior potency and pharmacokinetic properties in rodents and dogs was studied in mouse models of tumor growth. We conclude with the identification of compound 48 (designated CFI-400945) as a novel clinical candidate for cancer therapy.
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ある種の癌において、セレコキシブがその発生率を抑制する可能性については、多くの研究が行われてきた。しかし、心血管系のリスクを考慮し、癌の発生を軽減する目的でセレコキシブを使用することへの医学的推奨は今のところ行われていない。 アスピリンやセレコキシブ等のNSAIDsを服用している患者の場合、大腸癌リスクは明らかに減少する。さらにセレコキシブを含む特定のCOX-2阻害剤は、従来のNSAIDsと比較して癌抑制作用があり、毒性も低いことがいくつかの疫学研究や前臨床試験で指摘されている。12件の癌原性試験で、セレコキシブにラットやマウスの腸に対して癌発生の抑制作用があることが裏づけられた(Chemoprevention Databaseでデータの入手が可能)。非常にハイリスクな患者(家族性大腸腺腫症の家族歴あり)を対象とした小規模な臨床試験でも、セレコキシブがポリープの成長を抑制することが示されている。このため大規模無作為臨床試験が実施され、臨床成績が2006年8月にNew England Journal of Medicineで報告された[17]。試験では、セレコキシブを400~800mg/日投与した患者において、ポリープの再発が33~45%減少したことが示された。この試験におけるセレコキシブの心血管系イベントの頻度はプラセボと比べ高いことが認められた。しかし、その差に有意差はなかったことが示されている[18]。